Wheel load disperses at 45° horizontally and vertically through the fill, plus the depth of the top slab. The resulting patch load on the slab is calculated as:
: Geotechnical design (earth pressure and bearing capacity). : Specific standard for precast concrete box culverts. MPA Precast 2. Loading Analysis (EN 1991-2) box culvert design calculations eurocode 2021
: Standard for the design of reinforced concrete structures, covering durability, cover, and reinforcement detailing. Wheel load disperses at 45° horizontally and vertically
: Specifically addresses precast concrete box culverts, covering manufacture and installation. covering manufacture and installation.