To understand the power of Kothari’s argument, one must revisit the India of the late 1960s. The Congress system was showing cracks. Non-Congress coalitions were rising. The Green Revolution was altering rural power equations. And yet, most political analysis still treated caste as a primordial, irrational obstacle to modernity.
Kothari distinguished between:
Kothari's work has significant implications for our understanding of Indian politics. Her study highlights the enduring power of caste in Indian society and politics. The book also underscores the need for Indian politicians and policymakers to address the social and economic inequalities perpetuated by the caste system.