: The authors argue that while large-scale population studies are useful, clinicians must apply "critical reflection" to determine if those results are actually relevant to an individual patient.

Remote veterinary behavior consults are expanding access, though physical exam limitations remain a challenge.

The line between “medical” and “behavioral” is an illusion. A limping dog is in pain; an anxious parrot may pluck its feathers; a depressed horse may weave in its stall. Veterinary science at its best treats the whole animal—not just the bloodwork, but the whine, the tail tuck, the hiding beneath the bed.

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